多囊卵巢症候群

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

哮喘：女，31岁，月经不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

相片表现：盆腔成像和MRI T2WI显示上皮细胞变小，周围囊荷叶少于12亚厘米。周围上皮细胞颗粒在成像上超强回声，MRI上较高回波。看不出占优势卵荷叶。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

治疗：多囊上皮细胞囊肿

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

咨询：多囊上皮细胞囊肿也叫S-L囊肿。是女性不孕的最常见原因。主要是由于肾脏不可逆转造成了经常性无卵子和代谢物表皮过盛。PCOS相比较原于征：肥大、闭经和毛刺病病患。但均半数病患表现为此原于病病患。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需有别于相片检查进一步获取更多信息。相比较的成像/MRI前兆包括：上皮细胞变小、变圆，则有多发布氏荷叶，上皮细胞颗粒US上超强回声，T2WI较高回波。PCOS病患建议经常性随访，因经常性雌激素素质过高，可能会诱发肺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自腹部相片确诊汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊上皮细胞囊肿

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 则有的

4. follicles n. 布氏

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 超强回声的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 不孕

7. endocrinologic 肾脏的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 终止卵子

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 代谢物过多病病患

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 毛刺病病患

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 上皮细胞

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 颗粒

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 造成了回声（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 雌激素

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊上皮细胞囊肿